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Guide

How Are Islamic Prayer Times Calculated?

Every prayer time comes from a precise astronomical event: the sun reaching a particular angle above or below the horizon for your exact location. Given your latitude, longitude and the date, these moments can be computed to the minute.

It all follows the sun

Sunrise, solar noon and sunset are fixed by geometry for any point on Earth. Dhuhr is anchored to solar noon (when the sun crosses the meridian), and Maghrib to sunset. Asr is set by shadow length. The two harder times are Fajr and Isha, which depend on twilight.

Twilight angles for Fajr and Isha

Fajr begins when the sun is a set number of degrees below the horizon before sunrise, and Isha when it reaches a similar depth after sunset. Common choices are 18° (dawn is faint) down to 15°. A larger angle means an earlier Fajr and a later Isha. Different authorities use slightly different angles — which is why two apps can disagree by a few minutes.

Why location and date matter

The further you are from the equator, the more the length of day swings across the year, so summer Fajr comes very early and Isha very late. Your longitude within a timezone shifts solar noon (and therefore Dhuhr) earlier or later on the clock. This is why prayer times must be calculated for each city rather than copied between them.

The calculation method

The specific angles and conventions are bundled into a named calculation method — Muslim World League, ISNA, Umm al-Qura and others. Each MawaqitGo city page states which method it uses for that region.

Related guides

Prayer Time Calculation Methods ComparedThe main prayer-time calculation methods — Muslim World League, ISNA, Umm al-Qura, Egyptian, Karachi and Kemenag — their Fajr/Isha angles and who uses them.Fajr and Isha at High Latitudes: The Twilight ProblemWhy Fajr and Isha are hard to define in far-northern and far-southern cities during summer, and the methods used to estimate them.The Five Daily Prayers in Islam, ExplainedA clear guide to the five daily prayers — Fajr, Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib and Isha — including the time window and meaning of each.